China's ore dressing pharmacy plant uses the above method, generally three kinds of xanthate of ethyl, butyl and pentyl, which can basically meet the requirements of flotation process in China, and one of the raw materials of these xanthate is alcohol, fifty In the ages, food is generally fermented to produce alcohol, which is supplied to the ore dressing pharmacy to manufacture xanthate. After the 1960s, with the development of China's petroleum industry and industry, several kinds of petroleum industry by-products or other industrial by-products have been successfully used to synthesize alcohol as raw materials for the manufacture of xanthate.
1. Synthesize benzathine with toluene . 1961, China's Shenyang plant beneficiation agent using one coal tar products - toluene synthesized from benzyl xanthate.
The toluene is chlorinated to form chlorotoluene (benzyl chloride), and then hydrolyzed to obtain benzyl alcohol. The benzyl alcohol is used as a raw material, and reacts with sodium hydroxide and carbon disulfide to form a benzyl yellow drug. The reaction formula is as follows:
The benzathine can be used in the flotation instead of the general medicine, and its properties are similar to those of the general xanthate. Bayue 1976 South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Department of flotation Zhuzhou pharmaceutical processing plant with small batch production of benzyl xanthate, flotation foam Jinshan lead zinc ore small trials show that you can use instead of butyl xanthate. In addition, the test stoves of 11 minerals such as Pan Jiachong and Tao Lin, and the use of benzanthemum in the chamber instead of the general xanthate flotation of their own ore, have obtained good results. The test results of Pan Jiachong have been published in non-ferrous metals [1] . It can be seen that benzylic yellow medicine can be promoted and used. It is worth noting that when benzyl chloride is present in the presence of benzyl chloride, the benzyl yellow drug is easily decomposed. Because benzyl chloride dissolves in water, it forms benzyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid quickly decomposes the benzyl yellow drug, so benzyl alcohol is prepared as When synthesizing the raw material of the benzathine, it should be thoroughly hydrolyzed completely to remove the benzyl chloride.
2, isobutyl xanthate In order to save food, you can not use alcohol prepared from food.
As a raw material for the preparation of xanthate. In China, propylene and butene are used to synthesize n-butyraldehyde and isobutyraldehyde, which are catalytically hydrogenated to produce butanol and isobutanol, which are used as raw materials for the preparation of n-butyl ketone and isobutyl ketone. . Or by the reaction of butene with sulfuric acid and then hydrolyzed to obtain sec-butanol as a raw material for preparing sec-butyl xanthate.
In order to save food, you can not use alcohol prepared from food. As a raw material for the preparation of xanthate. In China, propylene and butene are used to synthesize n-butyraldehyde and isobutyraldehyde, which are catalytically hydrogenated to produce butanol and isobutanol, which are used as raw materials for the preparation of n-butyl ketone and isobutyl ketone. . Or by the reaction of butene with sulfuric acid and then hydrolyzed to obtain sec-butanol as a raw material for preparing sec-butyl xanthate.
And isobutanol synthesized by the above principle, an isobutyl xanthate is obtained. The flotation results of isobutyl xanthate on copper , lead and zinc sulfide ore indicate that its consumption, use characteristics and beneficiation index are basically the same as those of traditional Chinese butyl xanthate, which is suitable for copper, lead and zinc. Flotation of metal sulfide ore. [next]
3, sec-butyl xanthate Synthesis of sec-butanol from butene, a by-product of petroleum thermal cracking, for the preparation of secondary bentonite
8, the production method is the same as the previous method, but the reaction is slow. The beneficiation performance is basically the same as that of butyl xanthate but the cost is low, which can save food.
Synthesis of sec-butanol from butene, a by-product of petroleum thermal cracking, for the preparation of secondary bentonite 8, the production method is the same as the previous method, but the reaction is slow. The beneficiation performance is basically the same as that of butyl xanthate but the cost is low, which can save food.
4, Zhongxinji yellow medicine Castor oil is saponified to obtain castor oil soap, and castor oil soap is heated and cracked in a thermal cracking reactor (the yield of sebacic acid can be increased under the condition of dilution with phenol), and azelaic acid and octanol can be obtained-[2] And a small amount of octanol-[2] and octanone-[2] are good foaming agents in the chapter called processing castor oil); octanol-[2] is the raw material for the preparation of sec-octyl xanthate; The product in the reactor is a sodium soap of azelaic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid or the like. Extracting azelaic acid as a raw material of nylon 1010, adding a mixture of fatty acids of sebacic acid, called "sebacic acid lower foot" or "decyl ester", can be used as a substitute for oleic acid, will be in the next chapter Discussed in detail.
Castor oil is saponified to obtain castor oil soap, and castor oil soap is heated and cracked in a thermal cracking reactor (the yield of sebacic acid can be increased under the condition of dilution with phenol), and azelaic acid and octanol can be obtained-[2] And a small amount of octanol-[2] and octanone-[2] are good foaming agents in the chapter called processing castor oil); octanol-[2] is the raw material for the preparation of sec-octyl xanthate; The product in the reactor is a sodium soap of azelaic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid or the like. Extracting azelaic acid as a raw material of nylon 1010, adding a mixture of fatty acids of sebacic acid, called "sebacic acid lower foot" or "decyl ester", can be used as a substitute for oleic acid, will be in the next chapter Discussed in detail. When this octanol-[2] is used to prepare the octyl octyl xanthate, the reaction principle is the same as that of the general xanthate, but because it contains octanone-[2], and the second alcohol is synthesized, the anti-clearing is not complete. The xanthate is mostly sticky and the content of xanthate is not high. If high-purity octyl-based xanthate is to be obtained, the crude product may be dissolved in water, kerosene or gasoline may be added, and the octanol-[2] and octanone-[2] at the end of the extraction may be separated to separate the kerosene or gasoline layer. The final octanol-[2] and octanone-[2] can be removed. The aqueous solution of sec-octyl xanthate was evaporated to dryness at 100 ° C. Under laboratory operating conditions, the database obtained a product containing more than 85% of the octyl-based drug. Zhongxinji xanthate can be used as a collector for oxidized ore in sulfide ore.
Octanol - [2] xanthate produced with good selectivity to pyrite magnetic nickel, Table 1 is a butyl xanthate, octanol - [2] xanthate flotation of copper-nickel sulfide ore result. It can be seen from Table 1 that the selectivity of octanol-[2] xanthate to nickel sulfide is better than that of dimethoate. In addition, the old-fashioned lead-mineral use of Zhongxin-based xanthate flotation lead oxide ore, the results of more than two years have shown that the secondary octyl yellow drug is better than the butyl yellow drug, can improve production indicators and reduce the cost of pharmaceuticals.
All of the nylon 1010 plants have a by-product of octanol, which can be considered for comprehensive utilization, extraction as a raw material for the preparation of sec- octyl xanthate or as a foaming agent.
All of the nylon 1010 plants have a by-product of octanol, which can be considered for comprehensive utilization, extraction as a raw material for the preparation of sec- octyl xanthate or as a foaming agent.
Flotation of copper-nickel ore with various collectors Table 1
Test number | Collector and cellulose sulfate dosage (g / ton) | Flotation product | Yield (%) | grade(%) | Recovery rate(%) | ||
Cu | Ni | Cu | Ni | ||||
1 | Ding Huang Wu 250 Cellulose Sulfate 500 | I concentrate II concentrate Consolidated concentrate Tailings Raw ore | 11.5 14.9 25.4 74.6 100.0 | 3.48 0.45 1.7 0.13 0.53 | 4.85 1.73 3.02 0.35 1.03 | 69.0 12.7 81.7 18.3 100.0 | 49.5 25.1 74.6 25.4 100.0 |
2 | Zhongxinji xanthate 250 cellulose sulfate 500 | I concentrate II concentrate Consolidated concentrate Tailings Raw ore | 16.5 17.5 34.2 65.8 100.0 | 2.09 0.27 1.15 0.08 0.45 | 3.68 1.13 2.36 0.24 0.99 | 77.5 10.65 88.15 11.85 100.0 | 61.7 20.2 81.9 18.1 100.0 |
Vermicelli Making Machine,Vermicelli Machine,Noodle Machine,Starch Noodle Machine
Shuangfeng Nongjiabao Machinery Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.starchmakingmachine.com