Ministry of Agriculture: Comprehensive utilization of straw from these seven aspects to increase financial support

1. Strengthening the support of straw fertilizer utilization and promoting a virtuous cycle of agriculture

Since 2015, the central government has allocated 500 million yuan of special funds every year, and selected 17 counties (cities, districts, and flags) in the four northeastern provinces (districts) to carry out pilot projects for the protection and utilization of black soil in Northeast China, focusing on returning straw to fields and adding organic fertilizer. Control the core measures of soil erosion, deep layering of tillage, scientific fertilization and irrigation, and promote a batch of comprehensive technical models of black soil protection that can be promoted, replicated, landed and grounded. At the same time, our ministry cooperated with the National Development and Reform Commission to implement the overall plan for the management of outstanding agricultural non-point source pollution, and arranged 150 million yuan in the four northeastern provinces and selected six counties to carry out pilot projects for the northeast black soil protection project. Overall, the northeast black land protection and utilization pilot started well and progressed smoothly, and achieved initial results in terms of integrated technology models and innovative service mechanisms. In the next step, our ministry will compile and organize the implementation of the “Northeast Black Land Protection Plan (2017-2030)”, and strive to implement the black land protection area of ​​250 million mu by 2030, through soil improvement, soil fertility and treatment and restoration. Effectively curb the degradation of black land, continuously improve the quality of black soil and improve the ecological environment of black soil.

2. Increase the subsidy of agricultural machinery and equipment to increase the level of agricultural mechanization

At present, our department has included the straw smashing and returning machine, the green forage harvester, the silage chopper, the turning plow, the deep loosening machine, the picking and binding machine, the baler, etc., to promote the comprehensive utilization of straw, and to list the items in the central financial machinery. The scope of subsidies, for all products that are produced in China and approved by agricultural machinery for these products, farmers can purchase and apply for subsidies according to regulations. The current central government agricultural machinery purchase subsidy fund subsidy standard can reach as high as 30%. In some areas such as Jilin Province, on the basis of the central financial subsidy, the provincial fund will be given a 1:1 cumulative subsidy, which greatly promotes the return of straw to the field. Use the improvement of the mechanical level. According to statistics, in 2016, the area of ​​mechanized straw returning to the country reached 720 million mu, and the area of ​​straw picking up and baling reached 65 million mu. In the next step, our department will work with relevant departments to further adjust and optimize the range of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, and integrate more green development equipment such as straw comprehensive utilization and agricultural waste utilization into the scope of subsidies to accelerate the mechanization of straw utilization.

3. Supporting scientific straw feed utilization and promoting scientific and technological progress in animal husbandry

The state attaches great importance to the work of straw feed utilization. Since 1992, the central government has set up a straw raising project to promote straw feed utilization. Up to now, the central government has invested a total of 1.699 billion yuan to build more than 900 demonstration farms for straw raising. Driven by the demonstration of the project, straw raising livestock has become the main mode of cattle and sheep farming in agricultural areas and semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas. In 2015, the Ministry of Education issued the “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Accelerated Development of Herbivore Animal Husbandry”, piloting the development of grain-for-grass-feeding animal husbandry, promoting the processing technologies of green (yellow) storage and micro-storage, and increasing the forage Specific measures were proposed for the subsidies of processing equipment, the cultivation of new business entities, and the promotion of agricultural and animal husbandry cycle development. In the next step, our department will continue to focus on large-scale storage, specialization, and utilization, support the demonstration of straw feed, actively pursue policies related to straw feed utilization, and promote the sound and orderly development of animal husbandry.

Fourth, support the construction of straw storage and transportation center, improve the storage and transportation service system

In 2016, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Finance built a 10 billion yuan fund for the construction of the ecological integration barrier around Beijing and Tianjin, in 10 provinces (including Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Henan). In 90 counties, in accordance with the principle of “advanced county promotion, diversified utilization, government support, and market operation”, the pilot program for comprehensive utilization of straw was carried out, and the construction of the “five-materialization” utilization and storage and transportation system of straw was explored to explore regional sustainability. The comprehensive utilization technology, mode and mechanism of straw can be replicated and promoted. In the pilot implementation process, the cultivation and storage capacity of the main body of straw storage and storage is the key assessment content. This measure has effectively promoted the improvement of the overall capacity of regional straw treatment. In the next step, the Ministry will continue to rely on the central financial straw comprehensive utilization pilot subsidy fund project to support the cultivation and storage capacity of the main body of straw storage and storage, and promote the overall improvement of regional straw processing capacity.

V. Supporting the industrialized edible fungi industry and increasing the proportion of straw base material utilization

In 2016, the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Agricultural Comprehensive Development Office jointly issued the “Notice on Printing and Distributing the Guidelines for Agricultural Ecological Integrated Agricultural Regional Development Projects (2017-2020)”. Based on the previous years’ pilot work experience, Make major adjustments to the direction of special investment support of the Ministry of Agriculture for Comprehensive Agricultural Development. From 2017 onwards, concentrate on promoting the construction of regional ecological recycling agricultural projects in agricultural comprehensive development project areas. The basic utilization of crop straws is an important support content. The contents mainly include matrix raw material preparation workshop, matrix production and storage workshop, mushroom shed, etc., as well as mechanical equipment such as raw material pulverization, strain preparation, sterilization and inoculation. In the next step, the Ministry will continue to use the comprehensive agricultural development of agricultural and sideline resources to use the project channels to support the industrialization of straw cultivation of edible fungi.

6. Supporting the utilization of straw energy and promoting the utilization of straw renewable energy

For a long time, our department has actively promoted fuel utilization technologies such as straw pyrolysis gasification, straw biogasification, straw solidification molding, and straw carbonization. By the end of 2016, 454 centralized biogas supply projects for straw biogas have been built nationwide, and 74,900 households have been supplied with gas; 1365 straw solidification molding demonstration projects have been completed, with an annual output of 5.23 million tons of solidified shaped fuel; There are 729 gas supply projects, 98,000 gas supply projects, 106 straw carbonization projects, and an annual output of more than 280,000 tons of straw charcoal. At the same time, our ministry and the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration actively promote the promotion and application of the straw pyrolysis and gasification clean energy utilization project. It is planned to use the central budgetary funds in the winter heating areas and the main grain and cotton producing provinces in the north by 2020. The subsidy form supports a batch of straw pyrolysis utilization model county, and promotes the high value utilization of straw by industrialization and commercialization. In the next step, our ministry will continue to increase efforts in policy creation, capital investment, and technology promotion to further improve the utilization level of straw energy.

VII. Supporting the utilization of straw raw materials and accelerating the progress of utilization methods

In 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Ministry of Environmental Protection jointly issued the "Notice on Further Accelerating the Comprehensive Utilization of Crop Straws and Prohibition of Burning," requiring all localities to make overall plans and adhere to the development direction of marketization. With financial and technical support, through the establishment of an interest-oriented mechanism, we will support the industrialization of new technologies such as straw, wood raw materials, clean pulping, improve supporting industries and downstream product development, and extend the comprehensive utilization of straw industrial chain. In 2016, the General Office of the National Development and Reform Commission and the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture jointly issued the “Notice on Printing and Distributing the Guiding Opinions on the Implementation of the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” Integrated Utilization Plan for Straw” to guide the construction of projects around the key areas of comprehensive utilization of straw. And demonstration and promotion, in which high value and industrialized utilization methods such as straw substitute wood, clean pulping, and straw bio-based products are the key promotion contents. In the next step, our department will cooperate with relevant departments to promote local implementation and implement fiscal investment, tax incentives, financial credit, land use, electricity, transportation and other policies to continuously improve the level of industrial utilization of straw.